A fat-soluble factor present in butter was essential for the growth of rats on synthetic diet. Carotene is the precursor of vitamin A retinol is vitamin A alcohol found in mammals and is abundant in the liver oils of salt water fish. Fenretinide is a synthetic along of retinol. Vitamin A contents a beta ionane ring. Vitamin A plays a critical role in vision in dim light by the visual cycle. The important deficiency States due to lack of vitamin A in the diet are night blindness, Xerosis…

Background/Aim: Previous studies have reported biological associations between periodontal disease and several malignancies, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between periodontal disease indices and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease.

Materials and Methods:…

Background: Tuberculosis diagnosis remains a practical challenge in high-burden settings, where available tests have well-known limitations around sensitivity, cost, and turnaround time. Whole blood gene expression profiling offers a non-sputum-based alternative approach, but most published machine learning models in this space rely on complex pipelines or proprietary datasets. This study asked a simpler question: using publicly available microarray data and standard…

Background: Perforated Peptic Ulcer (PPU) complicated with diffuse peritonitis despite all advances of diagnosis and surgical care. The timely and precise identification of prognosis is one of the most key issues to optimize peri-operative management. In this study, the Modified Boey's Score (MBS) and the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) were compared and assessed for their predictive capabilities in patients with PPU after surgery.

Methods: A…

Persons with disabilities have significantly lower life expectancy compared to the general population. Concerning wheelchair users, the main causes of premature death are heart attack and cancer. The main risk factors are physical inactivity and obesity. Factors such as depression and social isolation seem to play also an important role. This project evaluates a religious and spiritual intervention and examines the correlation between physical, social and spiritual variables that seem to be…

Background: The association between prostatic calculi/calcifications, widespread atherosclerosis, and the occurrence of mesenteric panniculitis (MP) has been proposed to share molecular vulnerabilities that may be linked to the development of prostate cancer.

Case Report: We present the case of a 61-year-old man who had severe lower urinary tract irritative symptoms for more than two years, along with intermittent and recurrent abdominal pain for…

Background: First-trimester topiramate exposure carries an approximately 2-fold increased risk of Major Congenital Malformations (MCMs) compared with levetiracetam, which has among the lowest MCM rates of Anti-Seizure Medications (ASMs). Federated Electronic Health Record (EHR) networks are increasingly used for drug safety research; however, their ability to replicate known teratogenic signals has not been extensively evaluated.

Objective: To…

Section I: Introduction, Historical Context and the Evolution of Distributed Energy Paradigms

The history of technological civilisation may be interpreted as a progressive refinement in humanity's capacity to access, transform and distribute energy. From the controlled use of combustion during the earliest phases of societal development to the emergence of electrification and digital computation, each successive technological revolution has been characterised by…

Modern cosmology possesses extraordinary predictive power while simultaneously lacking explanatory closure concerning the deeper ontological origins of dark matter, dark energy, and the informational properties of black holes. Einstein's general theory of relativity successfully describes gravitational curvature, Hubble's observations established the expanding Universe, and Hawking demonstrated that black holes radiate thermally through quantum processes near event horizons. Nevertheless,…

Vildagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus, is generally considered well-tolerated. We report a case of a 62-year-old woman who developed progressive, isolated thrombocytopenia approximately ten months after initiating vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily as an add-on to her existing antidiabetic regimen. Extensive haematological evaluation excluded alternative aetiologies including immune thrombocytopenic purpura, viral infections,…