Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of stimulating antibodies directed against the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, leading to hyperthyroidism. It may occur in an autoimmune background and can be associated with other systemic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or Sjögren’s syndrome. Hepatic involvement during hyperthyroidism is well described and may be related either to the disease itself or to…

Background and Objectives: Periodontitis has been linked to idiopathic male infertility and impairment of semen values. However, data on the role of periodontal treatment in sperm parameter outcomes as well as the identification of the value of clinical periodontal infection predictors (BOP, PD, and CAL) as composite measures following active periodontitis therapy are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the role of periodontitis treatment in infertile men and its impact on…

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major health issue, with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) causing nerve damage, numbness, and balance problems, increasing fall risk. Conventional physical therapy may not suffice for older adults with severe DPN. Kinesio-taping has shown potential in enhancing proprioception and balance by stimulating skin receptors.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the immediate effects of Kinesio-taping versus sham…

Socio-cultural practices and norms that promote violence such as rape, spousal abuse, and domestic violence significantly increase the probability of HIV infection among women. The intersection of gender-based violence and infectious disease transmission represents one of the most pressing public health challenges of our time, particularly in resource-limited settings where both epidemics flourish. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), encompassing physical violence (throwing objects, slapping,…

Background: Prolonged smartphone usage induces habitual forward head posture and thoracic f lexion, potentially disrupting the integrated spinal kinetic chain. While static postural deviations are well-documented, smartphone-related alterations in dynamic spinal movement patterns - specifically lumbo-pelvic rhythm during functional activities—remain inadequately explored. Understanding these biomechanical adaptations is critical, as abnormal lumbo-pelvic coordination…

This paper systematically reviews research progress on lumbar quadratus lumborum block and transverse abdominis plane block for postoperative pain management following hernia repair. It compares the similarities and differences in clinical application between lumbar quadratus lumborum block and transverse abdominis plane block techniques, and thoroughly analyzes the role and efficacy of both block techniques in postoperative pain management. The study explores factors influencing…

Introduction: The use of sedatives in frail older adults represents a significant challenge in clinical and nursing practice due to age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes that increase susceptibility to adverse drug reactions. Physiological alterations such as reduced hepatic metabolism, decreased renal clearance, altered protein binding, and increased blood-brain barrier permeability enhance drug accumulation and central nervous system sensitivity.…

Introduction: Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma accounts for 3-7% of differentiated thyroid cancers. It is defined by the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma in at least two first degree relatives in the absence of a known hereditary syndrome.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 56-year-old mother and her 35-year-old daughter, both diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma discovered in EU-TIRADS V classified nodules.…

The interaction between the central nervous system and respiratory musculature is pivotal in managing critically ill patients. This review examines the functional anatomy of primary and accessory respiratory muscles and evaluates the role of Neurophysiological Respiratory Facilitation (NPF). We discuss how external tactile and proprioceptive stimuli trigger reflex respiratory movement sequences, potentially through the activation of "Central Pattern Generators" (CPGs) and medullary…

Hydrogels represent a class of highly versatile, three-dimensional polymer networks renowned for their exceptional water absorption capacity, biocompatibility, and tunable physicochemical properties. This review comprehensively examines the diverse landscape of hydrogels, delineating the fundamental characteristics and applications of synthetic, natural, and advanced hybrid systems. It highlights the superior mechanical strength of synthetic hydrogels and the enhanced biocompatibility of…